Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody

Features of anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody in UC

What is the Ulcerative Colitis (UC) ?

Inflammatory bowel disease causes erosions and ulcers on the mucosa of the colon. Symptoms are diarrhea, bloody stools and abdominal pain.

	Normal	UC
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Sensitivity and specificity

Several key studies around the world have shown elevation of anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody in ulcerative colitis, but not in other intestinal diseases such as Crohn’s disease, colon cancer and irritable bowel syndrome^1,2).

Positive rates for anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody in different diseases

	Ulcerative colitis	Crohn's disease	Other intestinal diseases	Collagen diseases	Healthy volunteers
Positive rate	92.0% (103/112)	7.0% (5/71)	2.9% (1/35)	7.4% (2/27)	0.0% (0/22)

Potential pathophysiological role of anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody

Integrin αvβ6, a heterodimeric protein expressed in epithelial cell, is a receptor for fibronectin, extracellular matrix protein. The recent publications reported that the autoantibody against integrin αvβ6 was frequently detected in ulcerative colitis patients^1-4). It has been reported that the anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody may induce epithelial cell damage as a potential pathogenic role of ulcerative colitis¹⁾. (see the diagram below)

Anti-Integrin αvβ6 ELISA Kit is a kit to provide a highly specific detection of anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibody in human serum.

Evidence for anti-intergrin αvβ6 autoantibody as the biomarker of ulcerative colitis

• Patients with ulcerative colitis had IgG autoantibodies against integrin αvβ6^1,2).
• Anti–integrin αvβ6 autoantibody titers correlated with ulcerative colitis disease activity¹⁾.
• IgG from patients with ulcerative colitis bound to the integrin αvβ6 expressed on colonic epithelial cells to block integrin αvβ6–fibronectin binding¹⁾.
• Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies were frequently detected in pediatric ulcerative colitis as well³⁾.
• Auto-reactive plasma cell clone targeting integrin αvβ6 were isolated from ulcerative colitis⁴⁾.
• Anti-Integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies were detected in sera, years before diagnosis of ulcerative colitis⁵⁾.

And, the existence of autoantibodies against integrin αvβ6 in most patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) were reported^６).

Comment from the researcher published in ‘‘Nature’’

‘‘If we had a biomarker, we would be able to diagnose ulcerative colitis with more confidence. Colonoscopies take at least one day to complete and can cost up to $200. But if the new testing kit is available, it will take roughly only 15 minutes to draw a blood sample and provide an appropriate result at a reasonable cost. We hope that it will be used in hospitals and clinical practice in Japan within the next two years.” says Dr. Shiokawa ^*.

References

1. T. Kuwada et al. Identification of an Anti-Integrin αvβ6 Autoantibody in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. Gastroenterology. 2021;160(7):2383-2394.e21.
2. N. Rydell et al. Measurement of Serum IgG Anti-Integrin αvβ6 Autoantibodies Is a Promising Tool in the Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis. J Clin Med. 2022;11(7):1881.
3. Y. Muramoto et al. Anti-Integrin αvβ6 Antibody as a Diagnostic Marker for Pediatric Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. Gastroenterology. 2022;163(4):1094-1097.e14.
4. M. Uzzan et al. Ulcerative colitis is characterized by a plasmablast-skewed humoral response associated with disease activity. Nat Med. 2022;28(4):766-779.
5. A. E. Livanos et al. Anti-Integrin αvβ6 Autoantibodies Are a Novel Biomarker That Antedate Ulcerative Colitis. Gastroenterology. 2023;164(4):619-629.
6. H. Yoshida et al. Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis Gastroenterol. 2023;58(8):778-789.

* A sharper diagnosis for ulcerative colitis. ADVERTISEMENT FEATURE produced by NATURE research custom media.

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Last updated：April, 2024